Making Inferences
Viewers make (differing inferences) in order to 'go beyond the information given' in any media text.
Inferences are made about the following:
- Participants: agents and objects involved in actions;
- Actions: nature of agents’ behaviour;
- States: preconditions and outcomes (including existence and properties of
objects, and spatial, temporal and logical relationships between elements);
- Circumstances: locations in time and place of agents, objects and states;
- Causation: causes and consequences of actions or events (including
goals - states of affairs that agents seek to bring about, and plans -
methods to be employed);
- Themes: themes underlying sequences of events (including motivation).
(Classification depends on context)
Anaphoric reference: expressions which refer back to others already established
