Some suggested reading

• Barthel, Diane (1992) 'When Men put on Appearances: Advertising and the Social Construction of Masculinity", in Craig op.cit.
• Breazeale, Kenon (1994) 'In Spite of Women: Esquire Magazine and the Construction of the Male Consumer', Signs 20(1), Autumn
• Chandler, Daniel (2002) 'Levi Strauss Launderette (1985) [Notes]' [WWW document] URL http://users.aber.ac.uk/dgc/media/Modules/MC30820/launderette.html [for references to the male body in advertising generally]
  
• Churcher, Sharon & Steven S. Gaines (1994) Obsession: The Lives and Times of Calvin Klein. New York: Carol Publishing Group
• Clare, Alexander (1998): 'A Semiotic Analysis of Magazine Ads for Men's Fragrances' [WWW document] URL http://users.aber.ac.uk/dgc/media/Students/awc9401.html (student essay)
• Courtney, Alice E & Thomas W Whipple (1983) Sex Stereotyping in Advertising. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books
  
• Craig, Steve (Ed.) (1992) Men, Masculinity and the Media. Newbury Park, CA: Sage
  
• Dotson, Edisol Wayne (1999) Behold the Man: The Hype and Selling of Male Beauty in Media and Culture. New York: Harrington Park Press
• Edwards, Tim (1997) Men in the Mirror: Men's Fashion, Masculinity and Consumer Society. London: Cassell
• Gochenour, Phil (nd): 'Calvin Klein's "Pornographic Gaze"' [WWW document] URL http://www.cc.emory.edu/ALTJNL/Editorials/Klein_index.html
• Goffman, Erving (1976) Gender Advertisements. New York: Harper Colophon
• Kervin, Denise (1987): 'Gender Coding in Magazine Advertisements', Journal of Visual/Verbal Languaging 7:1: 52-9
• Mackinnon, Kenneth (2003) Representing Men: Maleness and Masculinity in the Media. London: Arnold
• Malossi, Giannino (2000) Material Man: Masculinity, Sexuality, Style. New York: Abrams
• Manca, L. & A. (Eds.) (1994) Gender and Utopia in Advertising. Lisle, IL: Procopian Press
• Mistry, Reena (nd): 'From "Hearth and Home" to a Queer Chic: A Critical Analysis of Progressive Depictions of Gender in Advertising' [WWW document] URL http://www.theory.org.uk/mistry.htm
• Mort, Frank (1996) Cultures of Consumption. New York: Routledge
• Nixon, Sean (1996) Hard Looks: Masculinities, Spectatorship and Contemporary Consumption. New York: St Martin's Press
• Perchuk, Andrew & Helaine Posner (Eds) (1995) The Masculine Masquerade: Masculinity and Representation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
• Phillips, Rebecca (2000) 'Advertisers' Strategies to Target Gay Audiences in Attitude and Gay Times' [WWW document] URL http://users.aber.ac.uk/dgc/media/Students/rrp9601.html (student essay)
• Pronger, Brian (1990) The Arena of Masculinity: Sports, Homosexuality and the Meaning of Sex. New York: St Martin's Press
• Scanlon, Jennifer (Ed) (2000) The Gender and Consumer Culture Reader. New York: New York University Press
• Simpson, Mark (1996): 'Levi's'. In It's a Queer World. London: Vintage, pp. 229-233
• Smicker, Josh (nd): 'The Androgynous Mystique: CK One, Heroin, and The Fluidity of the Self' [WWW document] URL http://www.angelfire.com/geek/shunyatazero/
• Wardlow, Daniel L. (1996) Gays, Lesbians, and Consumer Behavior. New York: Harrington Park Press
• Wernick, Andrew (1987): 'From Voyeur to Narcissist: Imaging Men in Contemporary Advertising'. In Michael Kaufman (Ed) Beyond Patriarchy: Essays by Men on Pleasure, Power and Change. Toronto: Oxford University Press, pp. 277-97
• White, Philip G & James Gillett (1994): 'Reading the Muscular Body: A Critical Decoding of Advertisements in Flex magazine', Sociology of Sport Journal 11(1), March

Note: Treat with extreme caution sources labelled with this symbol!

Gay-Interest Commercials

• Levi 501 'Launderette', UK TV commercial, 1985
• Guinness 'Mess', UK TV commercial, 1995 (unreleased)
• Guinness 'Bicycle', UK TV commercial, 1996
• Nissan Micra, UK TV commercial from the 'Ask Before You Borrow It' campaign, 1996
• Diet Coke 'Office', UK TV commercial, 1996
• Impulse 'Chance Encounter', UK TV commercial, 1998
• Yorkie 'It's Not For Girls!', UK TV commercial, 2002

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