 
Lecture-based Reading: 
Paradigms and Syntagms
- Chandler, Daniel (1994) 'Paradigms and Syntagms', in Semiotics for Beginners. [WWW document] 
URL 
http://users.aber.ac.uk/dgc/Documents/S4B/sem03.html
- Chandler, Daniel (1994) 'Paradigmatic Analysis', in Semiotics for Beginners. [WWW document] 
URL 
http://users.aber.ac.uk/dgc/Documents/S4B/sem05.html
- Chandler, Daniel (1994) 'Syntagmatic Analysis', in Semiotics for Beginners. [WWW document] 
URL 
http://users.aber.ac.uk/dgc/Documents/S4B/sem04.html
- Chandler, Daniel (2001) 
Semiotics: The Basics (1st Edition). London: Routledge, Chapter Three: 'Analysing Structures'
- Chandler, Daniel (2007) 
Semiotics: The Basics (2nd Edition). London: Routledge, Chapter Three: 'Analysing Structures'
- Fiske, John	(1987) 
Television Culture. London: Routledge
- Fiske, John & John Hartley (1978) 
Reading Television. London: Methuen