 
Suggested Reading: 
Film and Television
- Allen, Robert D. (Ed.) (1993) 
Channels of Discourse, Reassembled. London: Routledge
- Bignell, Jonathan (2002) 
Media Semiotics: An Introduction. Manchester: Manchester University Press (Chapter 2) [caution - labels photographic media as primarily iconic rather than primarily indexical]
- Buckland, Warren (Ed) (1995) 
The Film Spectator: From Sign to Mind. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
- Buckland, Warren (2000) 
The Cognitive Semiotics of Film. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- Chandler, Daniel (2007) 
Semiotics: The Basics (2nd Edn.). London: Routledge
- Chandler, Daniel & Merris Griffiths (2000) 
'Gender-Differentiated Production Features in Toy Commercials', 
Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 44(3): 503-20
- Chandler, Daniel and Rod Munday (2011) 
Dictionary of Media and Communication. Oxford: Oxford University Press
- de Lauretis, Teresa	(1984) 
Alice Doesn't: Feminism, Semiotics, Cinema. London: Macmillan
- Iampolski, Mikhail (1998) 
The Memory of Tiresias: Intertextuality and Film (trans. Harsha Ram). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
- Fairservice, Don (2001)
Film Editing: History, Theory, Practice. Manchester: Manchester University Press (not explicitly semiotic but very useful) 
- Fiske, John	(1987) 
Television Culture. London: Routledge
- Fiske, John & John Hartley (1978) 
Reading Television. London: Methuen
- Hartley, John (1982) 
Understanding News. London: Routledge
- Lapsley, Robert & Michael Westlake (1988)
Film Theory: An Introduction. Manchester: Manchester University Press
- Lotman, Jurij (1976) 
Semiotics of Cinema (Trans. Mark Suino). Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan
- Metz, Christian (1974) 
Film Language: A Semiotics of the Cinema. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- Metz, Christian (1982) 
The Imaginary Signifier: Psychoanalysis and the Cinema. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press
- Mitry, Jean	(2000)  
Semiotics and the Analysis of Film (trans. Christopher King). Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press
- Nichols, Bill (1981) 
Ideology and the Image. Bloomington, IN: 
Indiana University Press (Chapters 1 & 2)
 
- Peters, Jan M (1981) 
Pictorial Signs and the Language of Film. Amsterdam: Rodopi
- SEFT (Ed) (nd)  	
Cinema and Semiotics: Screen Reader 2. London: Society for Education in Film & Television
- Selby, Keith & Ron Cowdery (1995)
How to Study Television. London: Macmillan
- Stam, Robert (1992) 
Reflexivity in Film and Literature. New York: Columbia University 
Press
- Thompson, Roy (1993)
Grammar of the Edit. Oxford: Focal Press (not explicitly semiotic but very useful) 
Note: Treat with extreme caution sources labelled with this symbol! 
