The World of Ads: Representation and Stereotyping

• Adams, Carol J. (2000) The Sexual Politics of Meat: A Feminist-Vegetarian Critical Theory. New York: Continuum
• Adams, Carol J. (2003) The Pornography of Meat. New York: Continuum
• Baehr, Helen & Ann Gray (Ed.) (1996) Turning It On: A Reader in Women & Media. London: Arnold
• Bartel, Diane (1988) Putting on Appearances: Gender and Advertising. Philadelphia: Temple University Press
• Basow, Susan A. (1992) Gender: Stereotypes and Roles. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole
• Berger, John (1972) Ways of Seeing. London: BBC/Penguin
• Betterton, Rosemary (1987) Looking On: Images of Femininity in the Visual Arts and Media. London: Pandora
• Bretl, D. J. & J. Cantor (1988): ‘The portrayal of men and women in US television commercials: A recent content analysis and trends over 15 years’. Sex Roles 18(9/10), 595-609
• Cortese, Anthony J. (2004) Provocateur: Images of Women and Minorities in Advertising (2nd Edn). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield
• Courtney, Alice E. & Thomas W. Whipple (1983) Sex Stereotyping in Advertising. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books/D C Heath
• Dyer, Richard (1993) The Matter of Images: Essays on Representation. London, New York: Routledge
• Friedan, Betty (1963/1992) The Feminine Mystique. London: Penguin
• Frith, Katherine Toland (1998) Undressing the Ad: Reading Culture in Advertising. New York: Peter Lang
• Furnham, Adrian & Nadine Bitar (1993): ‘The Stereotyped Portrayal of Men and Women in British Television Advertisements’. Sex Roles, 29(3/4), 297-310
• Gaines, Jane & Michael Renov (Eds) (1989) Female Representation and Consumer Culture (Quarterly Review of Film and Video 11(1)) Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers
• Goffman, Erving (1979) Gender Advertisements. New York: Harper & Row
• Goldman, Robert (1992) Reading Ads Socially. London: Routledge
• Gunter, Barrie (1986) Television and Sex Role Stereotyping. London: John Libbey
• Hall, Stuart (Ed.) (1997) Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. London: Sage/Open University
• Heimann, Jim (Ed) (2005) The Golden Age of Advertising: The 1960s. KÖln: Taschen
• Hill, Daniel Delis (2002) Advertising to the American Woman, 1900-1999. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press
• Holland, Patricia (2004) Picturing Childhood: The Myth of the Child in Popular Imagery. London: Tauris
• Ingram, Sally (nd): ‘To be a man: Media representation vs. the ‘real’’ [WWW document] URL http://users.aol.com/sallyki/Index.htm
• Jacobsen, Michael F. & Laurie Anne Mazur (1995) 'Sexism and Sexuality in Advertising', in M. F. Jacobson & L. A. Mazur (Eds.) Marketing Madness: A Survival Guide for a Consumer Society. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, pp. 74-87; [WWW document] URL http://www.personal.kent.edu/~glhanson/readings/advertising/womeninads.htm
• Jones, Melinda (1991) 'Gender Stereotyping in Advertisements', Teaching of Psychology 18(4), 231-3
• Kilbourne, Jean (1999) Can't Buy My Love: How Advertising Changes the Way We Think and Feel. New York: Simon & Schuster
• Lacey, Nick (1998) Image and Representation: Key Concepts in Media Studies. Basingstoke: Palgrave
• Lafky, Sue, Margaret Duffy, Mary Steinmaus & Dan Berkowitz (1996): ‘Looking Through Gendered Lenses: Female Stereotyping in Advertisements and Gender Role Expectations’. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 73(2), 379-88
• Lazer, Linda & Alice Gagnard Kendrick (1993) 'Women in Advertisements: Sizing Up the Images, Roles and Functions', in Pamela J. Creedon (Ed) (1993) Women in Mass Communication (2nd Edn). Newbury Park, CA: Sage, pp. 199-219
• Leiss, William, Stephen Kline, Sut Jhally & Jacquelline Botterill (2005) Social Communication in Advertising: Consumption in the Mediated Marketplace. (3rd Edn). London: Routledge
• Lester, Paul Martin & Susan Dente Ross (Eds) (2003) Images that Injure: Pictorial Stereotypes in the Media. (2nd Edn). Westport, CT: Praeger
• Mackinnon, Kenneth (2003) Representing Men: Maleness and Masculinity in the Media. London: Arnold
• Manca, Luigi & Alessandra (Eds) (1994) Gender & Utopia in Advertising. Lisle, IL: Procopian Press
• Marling, Karal Ann (1994) As Seen on TV: The Visual Culture of Everyday Life in the 1950s. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
• Millum, Trevor (1975) Images of Woman: Advertising in Women's Magazine. London: Chatto & Windus
• Moog, Carol (1990) "Are They Selling Her Lips?" Advertising and Identity. New York: William Morrow
• Myerson, Jeremy & Graham Vickers (2002) Rewind: Forty Years of Design & Advertising. London: Phaidon
• Niblock, Sarah (2001) 'Advertising', in Fiona Carson & Claire Pajaczkowska (Eds) (2001) Feminist Visual Culture. New York: Routledge, pp. 295-307
• Oakes, Penelope J., Alexander Haslam & John C. Turner (1994) Stereotyping and Social Reality. Oxford: Blackwell
• O'Barr, William M. (1994) Culture and the Ad: Exploring Otherness in the World of Advertising. Boulder, CO: Westview Press
• Richards, Barry, Iain MacRury & Jackie Botterill (2000) The Dynamics of Advertising. Amsterdam: Harwood
• Root, Jane (1984) Pictures of Women. London: Pandora
• Saunders, Dave (1999) Twentieth Century Advertising. London: Carlton
• Tuchman, Gaye, Arlene Kaplan Daniels & James Benet (Eds) (1978) Hearth & Home: Images of Women in the Mass Media. New York: Oxford University Press
• Twitchell, James B. (1996) Adcult USA: The Triumph of Advertising in American Culture. New York: Columbia University Press
• Wernick, Andrew (1991): Promotional Culture: Advertising, ideology and symbolic expression. London: Sage (Chapter 3)
• Worth, Sol (1976): ‘Introduction to Erving Goffman’s Gender Advertisements’ [WWW document] URL http://astro.temple.edu/~ruby/wava/worth/genderad.html
• Zarchikoff, Rebecca (nd): 'Looking through the years at women's place in advertising' [WWW document] URL http://kafka.uvic.ca/~rzarchik/women.html